Chapter 33 Fire Safety During Construction and Demolition

This chapter shall apply to structures in the course of construction, alteration or demolition, including those in underground locations. Compliance with NFPA 241 is required for items not specifically addressed herein.

3301.2 Purpose

This chapter prescribes minimum safeguards for construction, alteration and demolition operations to provide reasonable safety to life and property from fire during such operations.

Section 3302 Definitions

3302.1 Terms Defined in Chapter 2

Words and terms used in this chapter and defined in Chapter 2 shall have the meanings ascribed to them as defined therein.

Section 3303 Temporary Heating Equipment

3303.1 Listed

Temporary heating devices shall be listed and labeled . The installation, maintenance and use of temporary heating devices shall be in accordance with the listing and the manufacturer's instructions.

3303.2 Oil-Fired Heaters

Oil-fired heaters shall comply with Section 603.

3303.3 LP-Gas Heaters

Fuel supplies for liquefied-petroleum gas-fired heaters shall comply with Chapter 61 and the Fuel Gas Code of New York State.

3303.4 Refueling

Refueling operations for liquid-fueled equipment or appliances shall be conducted in accordance with Section 5705. The equipment or appliance shall be allowed to cool prior to refueling.

3303.5 Installation

Clearance to combustibles from temporary heating devices shall be maintained in accordance with the labeled equipment. When in operation, temporary heating devices shall be fixed in place and protected from damage, dislodgement or overturning in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.

3303.6 Supervision

The use of temporary heating devices shall be supervised and maintained only by competent personnel.

Section 3304 Precautions Against Fire

3304.1 Smoking

Smoking shall be prohibited except in approved areas. Signs shall be posted in accordance with Section 310. In approved areas where smoking is permitted, approved ashtrays shall be provided in accordance with Section 310.

3304.2 Combustible Debris, Rubbish and Waste

Combustible debris, rubbish and waste material shall comply with the requirements of Sections 3304.2.1 through 3304.2.4.

3304.2.1 Combustible Waste Material Accumulation

Combustible debris, rubbish and waste material shall not be accumulated within buildings.

3304.2.2 Combustible Waste Material Removal

Combustible debris, rubbish and waste material shall be removed from buildings at the end of each shift of work.

3304.2.3 Rubbish Containers

Where rubbish containers with a capacity exceeding 5.33 cubic feet (40 gallons) (0.15 m 3 ) are used for temporary storage of combustible debris, rubbish and waste material, they shall have tight-fitting or self-closing lids. Such rubbish containers shall be constructed entirely of materials that comply with either of the following:

  1. Noncombustible materials.
  2. Materials that meet a peak rate of heat release not exceeding 300 kW/m 2 when tested in accordance with ASTM E1354 at an incident heat flux of 50 kW/m 2 in the horizontal orientation.

3304.2.4 Spontaneous Ignition

Materials susceptible to spontaneous ignition, such as oily rags, shall be stored in a listed disposal container.

3304.3 Burning of Combustible Debris, Rubbish and Waste

Combustible debris, rubbish and waste material shall not be disposed of by burning on the site unless approved .

3304.4 Open Burning

Open burning shall comply with Section 307.

3304.5 Fire Watch

Where required by the fire code official or the prefire plan established in accordance with Section 3308.3, a fire watch shall be provided for building demolition and for building construction that is hazardous in nature, such as temporary heating or hot work.

3304.5.1 Fire Watch During Construction

Where required by the fire code official , a fire watch shall be provided during nonworking hours for new construction that exceeds 40 feet (12 192 mm) in height above the lowest adjacent grade.

3304.5.2 Fire Watch Personnel

Trained personnel shall be provided to serve as an on-site fire watch. Fire watch personnel shall be provided with not fewer than one approved means for notification of the fire department, and the sole duty of such personnel shall be to perform constant patrols and watch for the occurrence of fire. The combination of fire watch duties and site security duties is acceptable. Fire watch personnel shall be trained in the use of portable fire extinguishers.

3304.5.3 Fire Watch Location and Records

The fire watch shall include areas specified by the prefire plan established in accordance with Section 3308.3. The fire watch personnel shall keep a record of all time periods of duty, including a log entry each time the site was patrolled and each time a structure under construction was entered and inspected. The records and log entries shall be made available for review by the fire code official upon request.

3304.6 Cutting and Welding

Welding, cutting, open torches and other hot work operations and equipment shall comply with Chapter 35.

3304.7 Electrical

Temporary wiring for electrical power and lighting installations used in connection with the construction, alteration or demolition of buildings, structures, equipment or similar activities shall comply with NFPA 70.

3304.8 Cooking

Cooking shall be prohibited except in approved designated cooking areas. Signs with a minimum letter height of 3 inches (76 mm) and a minimum brush stroke of 1 /2 inch (13 mm) shall be posted in conspicuous locations in designated cooking areas and state:

DESIGNATED COOKING AREA
COOKING OUTSIDE OF A DESIGNATED COOKING
AREA IS PROHIBITED

Section 3305 Flammable and Combustible Liquids

3305.1 Storage of Flammable and Combustible Liquids

Storage of flammable and combustible liquids shall be in accordance with Section 5704.

3305.2 Class I and Class II Liquids

The storage, use and handling of flammable and combustible liquids at construction sites shall be in accordance with Section 5706.2. Ventilation shall be provided for operations involving the application of materials containing flammable solvents.

3305.3 Housekeeping

Flammable and combustible liquid storage areas shall be maintained clear of combustible vegetation and waste materials. Such storage areas shall not be used for the storage of combustible materials.

3305.4 Precautions Against Fire

Sources of ignition and smoking shall be prohibited in flammable and combustible liquid storage areas. Signs shall be posted in accordance with Section 310.

3305.5 Handling at Point of Final Use

Class I and II liquids shall be kept in approved safety containers.

3305.6 Leakage and Spills

Leaking vessels shall be immediately repaired or taken out of service and spills shall be cleaned up and disposed of properly.

Section 3306 Flammable Gases

3306.1 Storage and Handling

The storage, use and handling of flammable gases shall comply with Chapter 58.

3306.2 Cleaning With Flammable Gas

Flammable gases shall not be used to clean or remove debris from piping open to the atmosphere.

3306.2.1 Pipe Cleaning and Purging

The cleaning and purging of flammable gas piping systems, including cleaning new or existing piping systems, purging piping systems into service and purging piping systems out of service, shall comply with NFPA 56.

Exceptions:
  1. Compressed gas piping systems other than fuel gas piping systems where in accordance with Chapter 53.
  2. Piping systems regulated by the Fuel Gas Code of New York State.
  3. Liquefied petroleum gassystems in accordance with Chapter 61.

Section 3307 Explosive Materials

3307.1 Storage and Handling

Explosive materials shall be stored, used and handled in accordance with Chapter 56.

3307.2 Supervision

Blasting operations shall be conducted in accordance with Chapter 56.

3307.3 Demolition Using Explosives

Approved fire hoses for use by demolition personnel shall be maintained at the demolition site wherever explosives are used for demolition. Such fire hoses shall be connected to an approved water supply and shall be capable of being brought to bear on post- detonation fires anywhere on the site of the demolition operation.

Section 3308 Owner's Responsibility for Fire Protection

3308.1 Program Development and Maintenance

The owner or owner's authorized agent shall be responsible for the development, implementation and maintenance of a written plan establishing a fire prevention program at the project site applicable throughout all phases of the construction, repair, alteration or demolition work. The plan shall address the requirements of this chapter and other applicable portions of this code, the duties of staff, and staff training requirements. The plan shall be made available for review by the fire code official upon request.

3308.2 Program Superintendent

The owner shall designate a person to be the fire prevention program superintendent who shall be responsible for the fire prevention program and ensure that it is carried out through completion of the project. The fire prevention program superintendent shall have the authority to enforce the provisions of this chapter and other provisions as necessary to secure the intent of this chapter. Where guard service is provided in accordance with NFPA 241, the superintendent shall be responsible for the guard service.

3308.3 Prefire Plans

The fire prevention program superintendent shall develop and maintain an approved prefire plan in cooperation with the fire chief. The fire chief and the fire code official shall be notified of changes affecting the utilization of information contained in such prefire plans.

3308.4 Training

Training of responsible personnel in the use of fire protection equipment shall be the responsibility of the fire prevention program superintendent. Records of training shall be kept and made a part of the written plan for the fire prevention program.

3308.5 Fire Protection Devices

The fire prevention program superintendent shall determine that all fire protection equipment is maintained and serviced in accordance with this code. The quantity and type of fire protection equipment shall be approved . Fire protection equipment shall be inspected in accordance with the fire protection program.

3308.6 Hot Work Operations

The fire prevention program superintendent shall be responsible for supervising the permit system for hot work operations in accordance with Chapter 35.

3308.7 Impairment of Fire Protection Systems

Impairments to any fire protection system shall be in accordance with Section 901.

3308.7.1 Smoke Detectors and Smoke Alarms

Smoke detectors and smoke alarms located in an area where airborne construction dust is expected shall be covered to prevent exposure to dust or shall be temporarily removed. Smoke detectors and alarms that were removed shall be replaced upon conclusion of dust-producing work. Smoke detectors and smoke alarms that were covered shall be inspected and cleaned, as necessary, upon conclusion of dust-producing work.

3308.8 Temporary Covering of Fire Protection Devices

Coverings placed on or over fire protection devices to protect them from damage during construction processes shall be immediately removed upon the completion of the construction processes in the room or area in which the devices are installed.

Section 3309 Fire Reporting

3309.1 Emergency Telephone

Emergency telephone facilities with ready access shall be provided in an approved location at the construction site, or an approved equivalent means of communication shall be provided. The street address of the construction site and the emergency telephone number of the fire department shall be posted adjacent to the telephone. Alternatively, where an equivalent means of communication has been approved , the site address and fire department emergency telephone number shall be posted at the main entrance to the site, in guard shacks and in the construction site office.

Section 3310 Access for Fire Fighting

3310.1 Required Access

Approved vehicle access for fire fighting shall be provided to all construction or demolition sites. Vehicle access shall be provided to within 100 feet (30 480 mm) of temporary or permanent fire department connections. Vehicle access shall be provided by either temporary or permanent roads, capable of supporting vehicle loading under all weather conditions. Vehicle access shall be maintained until permanent fire apparatus access roads are available.

3310.2 Key Boxes

Key boxes shall be provided as required by Chapter 5.

Section 3311 Means of Egress

[BE] 3311.1 Stairways Required

Where building construction exceeds 40 feet (12 192 mm) in height above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access, a temporary or permanent stairway shall be provided. As construction progresses, such stairway shall be extended to within one floor of the highest point of construction having secured decking or flooring.

3311.2 Maintenance

Required means of egress and required accessible means of egress shall be maintained during construction and demolition, remodeling or alterations and additions to any building.

Exception: Approved temporary means of egress and accessible means of egress systems and facilities.

3311.3 Storage

Combustible materials associated with construction, demolition, remodeling or alterations to an occupied structure shall not be stored in exits, enclosures for stairways and ramps, or exit access corridors serving an occupant load of 30 or more.

Exceptions:
  1. Where the only occupants are construction workers.
  2. Combustible materials that are temporarily accumulated to support work being performed when workers are present.

Section 3312 Water Supply for Fire Protection

3312.1 When Required

An approved water supply for fire protection, either temporary or permanent, shall be made available as soon as combustible material arrives on the site.

Section 3313 Standpipes

3313.1 Where Required

In buildings required to have standpipes by Section 905.3.1, not less than one standpipe shall be provided for use during construction. Such standpipes shall be installed prior to construction exceeding 40 feet (12 192 mm) in height above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access. Such standpipes shall be provided with fire department hose connections at locations adjacent to stairways complying with Section 3311.1. As construction progresses, such standpipes shall be extended to within one floor of the highest point of construction having secured decking or flooring.

3313.2 Buildings Being Demolished

Where a building is being demolished and a standpipe is existing within such a building, such standpipe shall be maintained in an operable condition so as to be available for use by the fire department. Such standpipe shall be demolished with the building but shall not be demolished more than one floor below the floor being demolished.

3313.3 Detailed Requirements

Standpipes shall be installed in accordance with the provisions of Section 905.

Exception: Standpipes shall be either temporary or permanent in nature, and with or without a water supply, provided that such standpipes comply with the requirements of Section 905 as to capacity, outlets and materials.